An overview of methods for economic valuation of soil erosion damages: fundamentals, approaches, and operational methodology

Document Type : Review

Authors

1 Assistant Prof., Soil Science Department, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Associate Prof., Water and Soil Conservation Engineering Department, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.

3 Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Soil is a vital natural resource with a multitude of functions, whose degradation leaves significant adverse effects on the beneficiary community. Given the pivotal role soil erosion plays in soil destruction and the mandatory measures prescribed by Article 15 of the Soil Protection Law to address these adverse consequences, the current study was performed to explore the prevailing methodologies along with their inherent limitations and advantages. The goal was to identify and propose solutions for economic assessment of damages ensuing from soil degradation. The types and extent of soil erosion damage pose significant challenges to practitioners and scientists in their efforts to assess and quantify soil degradation. It is, therefore, essential to develop a specialized evaluation framework and datasets for each type of damage. The majority of conventional methods used for quantifying erosion damage are cost-oriented, with the most prominent ones being characterized by replacement cost, avoidance cost, and opportunity cost. It is important to note that no single method is perfect as each is designed for a specific type of erosion or damage. Furthermore, it is likely that application of combined methods might lead to overestimation. Given these considerations, it is not feasible to provide a universal framework as a cure-all that can be used for all types of erosion under all conditions. Our literature review revealed that soil erosion damage assessment studies typically comprise three main parts: 1) measuring the amount of soil erosion, 2) identifying the types of erosion damage in each study area, and 3) pricing the damage, each entailing significant challenges. Consequently, it is essential to adopt the most effective and efficient approach tailored to the specific goals and conditions at hand. Based on the results obtained, the avoided cost method was identified as an optimal solution that might be recommended on practical grounds as it encompasses all damage types, its pricing is straightforward, and is applicable to all forms of erosion.

Keywords

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 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115121

  1. Ziyaei Jazi, D. and Bidaki, R.Z., 2019. Determining the economic damage caused by soil erosion in different land uses (Case study: Beheshtabad watershed, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province). Iranian Journal of Natural Resources (Rangeland and Watershed Management), 72(1), pp.151-165. (in Persian)
Land Management Journal
Volume 12, Issue 2
March 2025
Pages 187-208

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