رفتار و سرنوشت نانوذرات در خاک

نوع مقاله : فنی ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

از آنجایی­که نانوذرات فلزی به­طورگسترده در صنعت فناوری نانو استفاده می­شود، این احتمال وجود دارد که نانوذرات از مسیرهای مختلف به­ویژه از طریق لجن فاضلاب وارد محیط خاکی شوند. پژوهش حاضر یک نمای کلی از بررسی سرنوشت و انتقال نانوذرات فلزی در خاک ارائه می­کند. ویژگی­های نانوذرات (به­عنوان مثال، اندازه، شکل، بار سطحی) و خاک (برای مثال pH، قدرت یونی و مقدار رس) فرآیندهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی آنها را تحت تاًثیر قرار داده و منجر به حل­پذیری نانوذرات و تجمع آنها شده است. علاوه‌بر ‌این، برخی از این برهمکنش‌های خاص به‌ویژه نقش مواد آلی محلول در جذب مستقیم نانوذرات توسط ریزجانداران خاکزی و فراهمی اشکال مختلف نانوذرات مهندسی شده به‌ندرت بررسی شده‌اند. رفتار نانوذرات در خاک، تحرک و زیست‌فراهمی آنها برای ریزجانداران خاکزی و ریشه گیاهان را کنترل می‌کند. اطلاعات اندکی در مورد تأثیر فرآیندهای حل­پذیری و تجمع نانوذرات بر شدت سمیت آنها وجود دارد و در بسیاری از موارد بررسی‌های موجود نتایج متفاوتی داشته و تفسیر فرآیندهای مؤثر را غیرممکن ساخته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Behavior and fate of nanoparticles in soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masomeh Mahdizadeh 1
  • Nosratolah Najafi 2
1 Ph.D Student, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

 
Since metallic nanoparticles are widely used nowadays in industrial applications of nanotechnology, there is every possibility that they find their way into soils, especially through sewage sludge. Nanoparticle properties (e.g., size, shape, and surface charge) and those of the soil environment (e.g., pH, ionic strength, and clay content) affect the physical and chemical processes that lead to the dissolution, aggregation, and agglomeration of nanoparticles. This is while some of these specific interactions, particularly the roles played by different DOMs in the direct uptake of nanoparticles by soil organisms and the availability of different forms of engineered nanoparticles, have been scarcely ever investigated. Nanoparticulate mobility and bioavailability to microorganisms control their behavior in soil. However, little is known about the effects of dissolution, aggregation, and agglomeration processes on the toxicity of nanoparticles. Moreover, conflicting results have been reported by most studies, making it difficult to derive a clear picture of the processes involved. The present study provides an overview of the fate and transport of metal nanoparticles in soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioavailability
  • Nanoparticles
  • Particle size
  • Surface charge

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مدیریت اراضی
دوره 5، شماره 2
اسفند 1396
صفحه 165-183

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