نوع مقاله : مروری
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز- اهواز، ایران
2 گروه حفاظت آب و خاک، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
3 پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Soil is a vital natural resource with a multitude of functions, the degradation of which has significant adverse effects on society. In light of the pivotal role of soil erosion in soil destruction and the necessity to address its consequences in accordance with Article 15 of the Soil Protection Law, this research aims to examine the prevailing methodologies, their inherent limitations and advantages, and ultimately, to propose solutions for the economic assessment of damages. The diversity and extent of soil erosion damage present a significant challenge to its assessment and quantification. The necessity for a specialized evaluation framework and data set for each distinct type of damage is a key factor. The majority of conventional methods for quantifying erosion damage are cost-oriented, with the most prominent approaches being replacement cost, avoidance cost, and opportunity cost. It is important to note that no single method is a perfect solution. Each method is designed for a specific type of erosion or damage. Furthermore, the combined use of existing methods may also lead to overestimation. Given these considerations, it is not feasible to provide a universal framework that can be used for all types of erosion under all conditions. A review of the sources revealed that soil erosion damage assessment studies typically comprise three main parts: 1) measuring the amount of soil erosion, 2) identifying the types of erosion damage in each study area, and 3) pricing the damage. Each of these presents significant challenges. Consequently, it is essential to adopt the most effective and efficient approaches in each section, tailored to the specific goals and conditions at hand. Ultimately, the avoided cost method is the optimal solution as it encompasses all damages, its pricing is straightforward, and it can be applied to all forms of erosion. It is therefore recommended.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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