شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی عوامل مؤثر بر تغییر کاربری باغ‌های چای ایران (مورد مطالعه: منطقه لاکان، شهرستان رشت)

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

2 دانشیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 استادیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

تغییر کاربری اراضی کشاورزی، امنیت غذایی، خودکفایی و اشتغال پایدار جامعه روستایی را با چالش مواجه ساخته و سبب ایجاد پیامدهای اجتماعی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی بسیاری شده است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش، شناسایی و رتبه­بندی عوامل مؤثر در تغییر کاربری باغ­های چای منطقه لاکان در شهرستان رشت است. شناسایی عوامل مؤثر از طریق طراحی درخت تصمیم جامع و تعیین معیارها و زیرمعیارهای مختلف با بهره­ گیری از پیشینه پژوهش و نظر 15 نفر از خبرگان محلی، صورت گرفت. اولویت ­بندی و تعیین شدت اثرگذاری عوامل مؤثر نیز با استفاده از رهیافت­های تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی (FAHP)، تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی کروی (SFAHP) و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی خاکستری (GAHP) محقق گردید. در این راستا، پرسشنامه مقایسه زوجی بر اساس درخت تصمیم طراحی شد و اطلاعات مورد نیاز از 15 خبره نمونه با مصاحبه حضوری و تکمیل پرسشنامه جمع­آوری گردید. نتایج نشان داد که عامل اقتصادی مهم‌ترین پیشران تغییر کاربری باغ­های چای است. در بین زیرمعیارهای اقتصادی، "کوچک شدن وسعت باغ­های چای و پراکندگی آن‌ها"، "ارزش اقتصادی بالای زمین باغ­های چای به علت نزدیکی به شهر رشت و مناطق گردشگری" و "درآمد ناکافی چای­کاری" به ترتیب با متوسط وزن نسبی 13/82، 13/59 و 12/05 درصد در رهیافت ­های سه ­گانه مورد استفاده، مهم‌ترین عوامل اقتصادی اثرگذار بر تغییر کاربری باغ­های چای می­باشند. معیارهای "مشکلات و خلاء قانونی" و "نظارت قانونی و اجرای قانون" به ترتیب در جایگاه دوم و سوم اهمیت قرار دارند. از این رو، توجه به مقوله ­های اقتصادی و قانونی در اولویت برنامه­ های سیاستی مرتبط با حفظ و جلوگیری از تغییر کاربری باغ­ های چای است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and ranking of factors involved in land use change of tea farms (A Case Study of Lakan Region, Rasht County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Javad Amirkyiaee 1
  • Mohammad Kavoosi-Kalashami 2
  • Reza Esfanjari Kenari 3
1 MSc Graduate of Rural Development, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Guilan.
2 Associate Prof., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Guilan.
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Guilan.
چکیده [English]

Changes in agricultural land use pose serious challenges to rural communities in terms of their food security, self-sufficiency, and sustainable employment with many dire social, cultural, and economic consequences. It is the main goal of this study to identify and rank the factors involved in land use changes of tea farms in Lakan Region, Rasht County, Iran. For this purpose, a comprehensive decision tree was designed to identify the factors involved. Thus, the various criteria and sub-criteria were determined and defined based on previous study results and expert opinions collected from 15 local experts. In the second stage, the factors thus identified were prioritized and their impact intensities determined using Fuzzy Hierarchy Process (FAHP), Spherical Fuzzy Hierarchy Process (SFAHP), and Grey Analytic Hierarchy Process (GAHP). In this regard, a pairwise comparison questionnaire based on the decision tree was designed and administered to 15 experts in order to collect the required information while face-to-face interviews were also conducted. The results showed that the economic factor was the most important drive for the land use change of tea farms. Among the economic sub-criteria, the most important ones involved in land use changes were "shrinking tea farms into more compact sites and reducing their dispersion", "the rising prices of tea farm land plots due to their vicinity to Rasht city and tourist areas", and "low income levels of tea growers" scoring average relative weights of 13.82, 13.59, and 12.05%, respectively, in the three approaches employed. The "legal problems and gap" and "legal supervision and law enforcement" ranked second and third, respectively. It may be concluded that economic and legal criteria must be considered as priority criteria in any program to ban land use change and to preserve the existing tea farms.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Decision Tree
  • Fuzzy Approach
  • Spherical fuzzy
  • Gray Approach
  • Land Use Change

مراجع

  1. Abraham, M., and Pingali, P., 2020. Transforming smallholder agriculture to achieve the SDGs. In The role of smallholder farms in food and nutrition security, ed. S. Gomez y Paloma, L. Riesgo, and K. Louhichi, pp. 173-209. New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42148-9_9
  2. Amirkiayi, S.J., 2023. Identification and ranking of effective factors in the destruction and change of use of tea gardens (case study: Lakan region, Rasht County). A dissertation submitted to University of Guilan in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science of Rural Development, Department of Agricultural Economics. (In Persian)
  3. Amirneghad, H., 2014. Factors Affecting Farmers' Willingness to Changing Land Use in Mazandaran Province. Journal of Agricultural Economics Research, 5(4), pp. 87-106.

(In Persian)

  1. Asadi, H., Beshrati, H., and Gorji, M., 2022. Challenges and Limitations of Soil and Land Resources in Iran. Land Management Journal, 10(1), pp. 111-134.

 https://doi.org/10.22092/lmj.2022.358760.309 (In Persian)

  1. Appelt, J. L., Garcia Rojas, D. C., Verburg, P. H., and van Vliet, J., 2022. Socioeconomic outcomes of agricultural land use change in Southeast Asia, Ambio, 51, pp. 1094-1109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-022-01712-4
  2. Bahrami, A., Emadodin, I., Ranjbar Atashi, M., and Rudolf Bork, H., 2010. Land-use change and soil degradation: A case study, North of Iran. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 1(4), pp. 600-605.
  3. Barati, A.A., Asadi, A., Kalantari, KH., Azadi, H., and Mamoorian, M., 2015. Analyzing the impacts of agricultural land use change according to the experts’ opinion of agricultural land organization in Iran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 45(4), pp. 639-650. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijaedr.2014.53838 (In Persian)
  4. Caldas, M., Simmons, C., Walker, R., Perz, S., Aldrich, S., Pereira, R., Leite, F. and Arima, E., 2010. Settlement Formation and Land Cover and Land Use Change: A Case Study in the Brazilian Amazon. Journal of America Latin Geography, 9(1), pp. 125-144. https://doi.org/10.2307/25765288
  5. Darban-e-Astaneh, A. R., Rezvani, M. R., and Seddiqi, S., 2016. An investigation of the factors affecting land use changing (Case Study: Mahmoudabad County). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 5(3), pp. 127-143.

 https://doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v5i3.50436 (In Persian)

  1. Dehghan, H., and Falsafian, A., 2018. Identifying factors affecting the preserve of agricultural land use to achieve sustainable agriculture. Agricultural Science & Sustainable Production, 28(1), pp. 151-168. (In Persian)
  2. Duleba, S., Çelikbilek, Y., Moslem, S., and Eszterg´ar-Kiss, D., 2022. Application of grey analytic hierarchy process to estimate mode choice alternatives: A case study from Budapest. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 13(100560), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2022.100560
  3. Deng, J.L., 1989. Introduction to grey system theory. The Journal of grey system, 1(1), pp. 1-24
  4. Dempsey, J.A., Plantinga, A.J., Kline, J.D., Lawler, J.J., Martinuzzi, S., Radeloff, V.C., and Bigelow, D.P., 2017. Effects of local land-use planning on development and disturbance in riparian areas. Land Use Policy, 60, pp. 16-25.

 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.10.011

  1. Doroudian, H.R., and Doroudian, A., 2018. Social and ecological impacts of agricultural land use change. Land Management Journal, 5(2), pp. 81-97.

 https://doi.org/10.22092/lmj.2018.115849 (In Persian)

  1. Ehrensperger, A., de Bremond, A., Providoli, I. and Messerli, P., 2019. Land system science and the 2030 agenda: Exploring knowledge that supports sustainability transformation. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 38, pp. 68–76.

 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2019.04.006

  1. Feizi, B., Keramatzadeh, A., Shirani Bidabadi, F. and Rezaei, A., 2020. Factors affecting land use change in sloping rural areas, case: Hezar Jerib region of Mazandaran province. Journal of Space Economy and Rural Development, 8(2), pp. 239-252.

 https://doi.org/10.30490/aead.2021.342468.1216 (In Persian)

  1. Gao, L., and Bryan, B.A., 2017. Finding pathways to national‐scale land‐sector sustainability. Nature, 544(7649), pp. 217–222. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature21694
  2. Ghadimi, S.A., Papzan, A., and Amini, A., 2018. The investigation of agricultural land use change trend and their effects on sustainable development components (Zayandehrood basin of Isfahan Province). Agricultural Extension and Education Research, 11(3), pp. 41-58. (In Persian)
  3. Gündogdu, F. and Kahraman, C., 2020. A novel spherical fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and its renewable energy application. Soft Computing, 24, pp. 4607–4621.

 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-019-04222-w

  1. Gündogdu, F. and Kahraman, C., 2019. Spherical fuzzy sets and spherical fuzzy TOPSIS method. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 36(1), pp. 337–352.

 https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-181401

  1. Harris R.B., 2010. Rangeland degradation on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau: A review of the evidence of its magnitude and causes. Journal of Arid Environments, 74(1), pp. 1–12.

 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.06.014

  1. Hinz, R., Sulser, T.B., Huefner, R., Mason‐D’Croz, D., Dunston, S., Nautiyal, S., Ringler, C., Schuengel, J., Tikhile, P., Wimmer, F., and Schaldach, R., 2020. Agricultural development and land use change in India: A scenario analysis of trade‐offs between UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Earth's Future, 8(2), pp. 1-19.

 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001287

  1. Hsieh, T.Y., Lu, S.T., and Tzeng, G.H., 2004. Fuzzy MCDM approach for planning and design tenders’ selection in public office buildings. International Journal of Project Management, 22(7), pp. 573–584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2004.01.002
  2. Lambin, E.F., Geist, H.J., and Lepers, E., 2003. Dynamics of land-use and land-cover change in tropical regions. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 28, pp. 205-241. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.28.050302.105459
  3. Kermani, A., Eshraghi, F., and Jolaie, R., 2022. Using game theory approach to manage land use change of paddy fields (Case study: Nowshahr County). Agricultural Economics, 16(2), pp. 47-65. https://doi.org/10.22034/iaes.2022.540581.1883 (In Persian)
  4. Kieu, P.T., Nguyen, V.T., Nguyen, V.T., and Ho, T.P., 2021. A spherical fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (SF-AHP) and combined compromise solution (CoCoSo) algorithm in distribution center location selection: A case study in agricultural supply chain. Axioms, 10 (53), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms10020053
  5. Majd Salimi, K., and Azadi Gonbad, R., 2021. Results of the first application of drip irrigation system on yield and water productivity in tea plantations. Iranian Water Research Journal, 15(3), pp. 81-90. (In Persian)
  6. Management of land affairs of Rasht County. 2022. Statistic of land use change of Rasht County 2016-2022.
  7. Meiyappan, P., Dalton, M., O’Neill, B.C., and Jain, A.K., 2014. Spatial modeling of agricultural land use change at global scale. Ecological Modelling, 291(10), pp. 152–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.07.027
  8. Navidi, M., Asadi Rahmani, H., Chatrenour, M., Kharazmi, R., Jamshidi, M., Ziaee Javid, A., MohamadEsmaeil, Z., and Ebrahimi Meymand, F., 2024. Changes in Agricultural Land Use as a Threat to Food Security. Land Management Journal, 11(2), pp. 229-248.

 https://doi.org/10.22092/lmj.2023.362757.336 (In Persian)

  1. Molaei, M., and Aghaei, SH., 2018. Estimating willingness to pay to avoid changes in agricultural land use: choice experiment methods. Agricultural Economics & Development, 26(2), pp. 51-73. https://doi.org/10.30490/aead.2018.73547 (In Persian)
  2. Motiee Langroudi, S.H., Rezvani, M.R., and Kateb Azgomi, Z., 2012. Economic effects of agricultural land use change on rural area (Dehestan of Licharaki Hasan-rood, Bandar Anzali). Journal of Research and Rural Planning, 1(1), pp. 1-23.

 https://doi.org/10.22067/jrrp.v1i1.14983 (In Persian)

  1. Mousavi, M., and Yazdanpanah, M., 2021. Factors affecting agricultural land use change in Bavi County, Khuzestan Province. Journal of Land Management, 9(1), pp. 13-24. https://doi.org/10.22092/lmj.2021.122973 (In Persian)
  2. Rastegaripour, F. and Mahmoudi, F., 2021. Study of effective factors on agriculture land use change in Torbat Heydarieh City. Agricultural Economics and Development, 29(3), pp. 21- https://doi.org/42. 10.30490/aead.2021.342468.1216 (In Persian)
  3. Saadi, H., and Avatefi Akmal, F., 2018. Factors affecting agricultural land use change in the villages of Hamadan County. Space Economy & Rural Development, 7(2), pp. 211-226. (In Persian)
  4. Savadkohi Jonobi, T., and Seifi, M., 2014. Investigating human factors influencing the trend of land use changes of watershed upstream. Proceedings of the first national conference on land management in Iran, Tehran: Institute of planning research, agricultural economics and rural development, Volume 2, land management from a political, social and economic perspective, pp. 269-278. (In Persian)
  5. Sedighi, S., Darban Astane, A., and Rezvani, M.R., 2017. An investigation of the physical and political factors affecting land use changing of Mahmoudabad Town. Spatial Planning, 7(2), pp. 39-58. https://doi.org/10.22108/sppl.2018.81442.0 (In Persian)
  6. Sun, C.C., 2010. A performance evaluation model by integrating fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS methods. Expert Systems with Applications, 37, pp. 7745-7754.

 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.04.066

  1. Tagar, H.K., Ali, S., Amir, S., Tagar, A.A., and Tagar, A.J., 2016. Sustainable development goals: The usefulness of conceptual framework of growth & economic development as an implementing tool for policy planners and development managers. International Journal of Innovative Research & Development, 5(6), pp. 428–435.
  2. Taking, M.I., 2023. Factors that Affect Changes in Land Use and its Implications in Spatial Control in the Sungguminasa Urban Area. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1209(2023), 012008.

 https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1209/1/012008

  1. Tanrivermis, H., 2003. Agricultural land use change and sustainable use of land resources in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Journal of Arid Environments, 54(3), pp. 553- 564. https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.2002.1078
  2. Turner, B.L., Lambin, E.F., and Verburg, P.H., 2021. From land-use/land-cover to land system science. Ambio, 50, pp. 1291–1294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-021-01510-4
  3. United Nations General Assembly. 2015. Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. Retrieved from

http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/70/1&Lang=E

  1. van Vliet, J., Magliocca, N.R., Bu¨chner, B., Cook, E., Rey Benayas, J.M., Ellis, E.C., Heinimann, A., Keys, E., Lee, T.M., Liu, J., Mertz, O., Meyfroidt, P., Moritz, M., Poeplau, CH., Robinson, B.E., Seppelt, R., Seto, K.C. and Verburg, P.H., 2016. Meta studies in land use science: Current coverage and prospects. Ambio, 45, pp. 15–28.

 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-015-0699-8

  1. Yousefi Taleghani, A., Molaei Hashjin, N., and Rezaei, P., 2022. Explaining the economic and social factors affecting land use changes in peripheral rural settlements of Rasht. Space Economy and Rural Development, 11(1), pp. 163-182. (In Persian)
مدیریت اراضی
دوره 12، شماره 2
اسفند 1403
صفحه 129-147

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار